As summer approaches, preparing the barn to be ready for seasonal heat should begin before the summer heat wave starts. Here are five things to consider:
1. Nutrition
Nutrient density of the feed needs to be adjusted for the lower feed intake during the summer. Sows could also experience reduced feed intake and ultimately lysine intake. The reduction in lysine intake can result in prolonged wean to estrus. While fat is not currently economical, finding ways to improve energy intake can be sought. Close attention should be paid to ingredients that may reduce feed intake which may need to be removed during the summer.
2. Feed intake
Summer heat stress will create a reduction in feed intake. The utilization of wet feed can improve feed intake by 1 to 2 pounds which can improve growth rates, milk yield, litter weights and wean to estrus intervals. Adjusting amino acid ratios can also influence feed intake. For example, increasing the Trp:Lys ratio can improve feed intake.
3. Cooling mechanisms
Ensuring that cool cells are functional before the heat can prevent drops in feed intake and heat stress. Turn on the pumps and evaluate the cooling pads for hard water deposits and rodent damage to allow for appropriate water dispersion. In finishing barns, make sure that all the water misters are operational and any malfunctioning heads are replaced.
4. Water pressure
Proper water pressure can improve water intake. Low water intake can reduce feed intake. Make sure water lines and the screens on water nipples are clean and free of debris.
5. Water supply
Ensure water nipples are at appropriate height. The nipples should be at the height of the shoulder of the smallest pig in the pen. Water bowls should be provided at a rate of one bowl per 20 pigs. In addition, ensure that water nipples are not dripping and resulting in water wastage.
Proper management of water and feed during the summer can help reduce the negative impacts on growth and milk yield. Continual monitoring of these items throughout the summer will be needed to maintain good results.
Laura Greiner is an assistant professor in animal science at Iowa State University.
