VETERINARY

What Products are Available to Prevent and Treat New World Screwworm?

Thu, 21 May 2026 19:22:09 GMT

New World Screwworm or Cochliomyia hominivorax is still south of the U.S. border, but the prevention and treatment playbook is already taking shape. Veterinarians, regulators and ranchers who’ve seen this pest up close keep coming back to the same point: you can’t treat your way out of screwworm.

Prevention means fewer wounds, tighter calving windows, stronger parasite programs and more “eyeballs” on cattle, backed up by early reporting and a vet‑guided treatment plan.

When cases do occur, today’s toolbox — from prescription pour‑ons and emergency‑use injectables — can limit the damage, as long as producers know how and when to use each tool.

The Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) is working with animal drug sponsors to identify potential products and seeks to have them approved or otherwise authorized for the prevention or treatment of NWS myiasis. The agency has multiple regulatory pathways and access mechanisms to facilitate the availability of animal drugs for NWS.

Currently, FDA has conditionally approved two products for use with beef cattle. This list continues to grow as FDA approves products. For an up-to-date list you can visit the FDA website .

Animal Drugs Conditionally Approved by FDA for NWS

Dectomax-CA1 (doramectin injection) injectable solution: Prevention and treatment of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis), and prevention of reinfestation for 21 days in cattle.
Exzolt Cattle-CA1 (fluralaner) topical solution: Prevention and treatment of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis) and treatment and control of cattle fever tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) in beef cattle 2 months of age and older and replacement dairy heifers less than 20 months of age.

Emergency Use Authorization of Animal Drugs for NWS

On Aug. 18, 2025, the Department of Health and Human Services issued a declaration enabling FDA to issue Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for animal drugs to treat or prevent infestations caused by NWS. This list continues to grow as FDA approves products and for an up-to-date list, you can visit the FDA website .

Here is the current list of products FDA has approved for emergency use:

Ivomec (ivermectin) injectable solution: Prevention of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis) when administered within 24 hours of birth, at the time of castration, or at the appearance of a wound in cattle, except for female dairy cattle producing milk for human consumption and calves that will be processed for veal.
F10 Antiseptic Wound Spray with Insecticide (benzalkonium chloride, polyhexanide and cypermethrin topical solution): Prevention and treatment of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis) in cattle, horses, minor species of hoof stock, raptors and other wild birds, pet birds, and captive wild, exotic and zoo mammals.
F10 Antiseptic Barrier Ointment with Insecticide (benzalkonium chloride, polyhexanide and cypermethrin topical ointment): Prevention and treatment of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis) in cattle, horses, minor species of hoof stock, raptors and other wild birds, pet birds, and captive wild, exotic, and zoo mammals.
Negasunt Powder (coumaphos, propoxur, and sulfanilamide topical powder): Prevention and treatment of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis) in cattle, swine, goats, sheep, horses, donkeys, domestic hybrid equids, and captive wild, exotic, and zoo mammals. Negasunt is currently limited to USDA-authorized users and government agencies to prevent misuse.
Dectomax/Dectomax-CA1 (doramectin injection): Prevention and treatment of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis) in dairy cattle (lactating dairy cows, dry dairy cows, replacement dairy heifers, 20 months of age and older) except for calves that will be processed for veal; and prevention of infestations caused by NWS larvae (myiasis) in horses 1 year and older, swine, sheep except lactating sheep and deer.

Prevention Options: Don’t Blanket Treat

When considering prevention, experts suggest the best option is to evaluate and adjust management practices compared to mass treating. They also encourage working with your veterinarian to make a plan.

“You may want to reevaluate with your veterinarian your integrated pest management as far as what you’re doing for ticks, and what you’re doing for the fly control and things where you might have more wounds, and that’s what you want to minimize if it does indeed get here,” suggests Dr. Diane Kitchen, a cattle rancher and Florida Department of Agriculture veterinarian manager, bovine and cervidae programs.

A veterinarian is central to the preparation and treatment plan. Part of being prepared is sitting down now with your veterinarian and discussing: “If we get screwworm, what’s our plan? How often are we looking at cattle, what products are we going to use, and what do we do about movements?”

For wound care, antibiotics, pain management and access to tools, a veterinary client–patient relationship is vital. Treatment is about parasite removal and wound management, guided by vets.

South Texas beef producer Jason Sawyer says, “We’ve also re‑evaluated our parasite control programs in the context of our beef quality assurance program and really tried to set for ourselves a comprehensive plan for how we can better monitor cattle, better treat and better prevent their exposure to screwworms, should the pest re‑emerge in Texas.”

Sawyer, who manages ranches near the U.S.-Mexico border, explains, “We’re trying to work with the weather instead of against it and think about comprehensive parasite control strategies that can minimize that risk for newborn calves, knowing that we’re unlikely to be able to put our hands on every one of them as they hit the ground.”

Health officials say mass or blanket treating the whole herd in an attempt to “prevent” NWS is not the answer. The goal should not be to habitually treat animals ‘just in case.’

“Blanket treatment of animals is not recommended,” stresses Dr. Julia Herman, National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) beef cattle specialist veterinarian. “We need to be really responsible in how we use these products. Any unnecessary or inappropriate use should be avoided — this reduces the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance. Only use products for the parasites that are listed on the label.”

Sawyer agrees with the importance of resistance management, adding, “We don’t want to react to an emergent threat in a way that then creates problems with a persistent pest that’s already present.”

Kitchen summarizes that producers and veterinarians have many more tools than they did back in the ’60s and ’70s when NWS was last endemic in the U.S., but producers and veterinarians should strive to avoid “unnecessary or inappropriate use” to preserve effectiveness.

For NWS, the plan is not to line up every animal on the ranch and treat them all ‘just in case.’ Regulators and veterinarians aim to inspect, treat infested or high‑risk animals, and use systemic products where they make sense, always watching resistance, withdrawal times and product supplies.

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The Smell You'll Never Forget: An Animal Infested with New World Screwworm

Thu, 10 Jul 2025 16:41:23 GMT

“The stench…it’s like roadkill stewed in infection,” explains Jose Santiago Gallardo Espinosa, a cattle producer from Chiriqui, Panama, describing an animal that has been infected with New World screwworm (NWS). “You’ll smell it before you see it.”

He goes on to describe the appearance. “That little dehorning scrape you didn’t worry about? Now, it’s a fist-sized hole pulsating with maggots. Not on top, under the skin. Hundreds of cream-colored worms with screw-like spines, eating your cow alive.”

It’s a Plague in Panama

Gallardo is a Panamanian livestock production specialist and animal science professional with a diverse and practical background in cattle production, agricultural policy and international ranch management. He currently serves as the technical assistance team manager at Cooleche, R.L., where he leads strategic initiatives in cattle production and technical outreach.

“⁠This ain’t ‘just flies.’ We’ve buried calves eaten alive in 48 hours,” Gallardo stresses. “Post-calving cows are sitting ducks, I found one last week with maggots deep in her vulva, she was trembling as she tried to nurse her calf.”

An animal health professional treating an animal in Panama that has been infected by New World Screwworm.

(Jose Santiago Gallardo Espinosa)

To catch NWS and stop the spread, Espinosa encourages daily wound checks including navels on newborns, vulvas on fresh cows, sheaths on bulls, branding cuts and tagging nicks. Some red flags include a wound that swells overnight or oozes cloudy fluid and a milk tank mysteriously dropping.

“Treat every scratch like a ticking bomb,” he says adding if you find one with a wound acting a little strange, you should “peel back skin edges, and if you see rice-grain maggots with dark spines — sound the alarm.”

He says more than 6,500 cases have erupted across Panama, marching north through Central America like a plague.

“For years, our U.S.-Panama barrier kept NWS at bay,” Gallardo says. “We’d see maybe 25 cases a year — it was a nuisance, not a crisis. Then 2023 hit, and overnight our pastures became war zones.”

He says the reality in Panama is rainy season is maggot season.

“Here, in Chiriquí’s dairy country, it is the perfect storm,” he says. “Rainy season humidity of 90%, 85°F heat and flies everywhere. A single-infected cow bleeds $10/day in lost milk — its life or death for small dairies.”

NWS in Nicaragua

Ernesto José Sequeira Enríquez, an agronomist from Camoapa, Nicaragua, says NWS was eradicated from Nicaragua in the 1990s. He says he first encountered it during an internship in Brazil where he experienced the serious challenge the fly causes.

“When cases began appearing here again last year, I was able to use what I learned in Brazil to prepare veterinary supplies and train people on prevention and treatment,” he explains.

(Ernesto José Sequeira Enríquez)

He says it’s essential to enforce a daily inspection routine, checking every animal carefully for open wounds.

“When you find an infected animal, you’ll typically see a bleeding wound,” Sequeira says. “If the infestation has progressed, there will be a strong, foul smell due to tissue damage and the presence of larvae.”

He encourages U.S. producers to be prepared with sufficient supplies of veterinary medicines and insecticides for both treatment and prevention and to adjust management practices to reduce risk. For example:

When dehorning, branding or ear tagging, apply insecticide spray to the wound immediately.
Ensure proper care of newborn calves by disinfecting the navel with iodine solution as soon as possible, since that is the most common entry point for infestation.

“Although complete control of screwworm is not possible, taking preventive measures significantly reduces the economic and productivity impact of it,” he says. “Early detection and consistent preventive practices are critical to minimizing losses.”
Sequeira stresses a producer’s eyes and hands are their best tools to fight NSW.

“My warning to U.S. ranchers is this isn’t just a Panama problem,” he summarizes. “Newborn calves are maggot magnets. If you lose one calf to a navel infestation, you’ll never sleep again. Make inspections sacred — no excuses. Report fast and hide nothing.”

It’s Endemic in Brazil

Marcelo Costa is a veterinarian, professor and cattle business consultant in Brazil and Paraguay. In 1999, Costa was taught embryo transfer at Camp Cooley in Franklin, Texas. He then returned to his family’s third generation ranching operation where they started Camp Cooley Brazil.

“I have been dealing with screwworm all my life since it is endemic in Brazil,” Costa says. “Screwworm-infected animals happen all months of the year.”

A wound in the animal skin full of screwworm and new fly eggs in the skin borderline

(Marcelo Costa)

Like others, he has experienced finding infected animals with bleeding, foul-smelling wounds. He says animals show discomfort and may not follow the herd as normal.

“Newborn calves are usually the more attacked category because of the navel’s wet and bloody tissue,” he says. “If a screwworm infects the navel, it may open a door at the site for more severe infections that may cause diarrhea, pneumonia and other diseases.”

Costa stresses how much NWS costs producers beyond animal loss and decreased productivity.

“One of the biggest problems with NWS is the increased labor with vigilance and animal treatment,” he summarizes.

Guatemala Producers Are Learning to Cope with NWS

“Screwworm came to teach us the times are changing, and that any type of production is possible and open to any complication,” says Oscar León, a livestock production specialist and agricultural business administrator from Guatemala City, Guatemala. “Brazil learned how to cope with it, and Guatemala is in the process of it. The U.S. is not exempt from it, unfortunately. But with the adequate measures and prevention techniques, one can learn and teach others. We can make the impact less harmful on our production and wallets.”

(Oscar León)

León currently manages his family’s cattle operations and leads LAVAT S.A., a company that imports and distributes innovative animal health and nutrition products tailored to the needs of the Guatemalan livestock sector.

He explains it is important for producers to look for and treat any open wound or bruise as they are the first indicators.

“If an open wound smells like the scent of rotten meat, you will find the presence of screwworms feeding off live tissue,” he says. “Prevention and early timing are the best ways to treat screwworm. Make sure to take your time, observe your cattle, search for a bruise or wounds and treat them properly.”

He also stresses the importance of making sure everyone who works in the farm or ranch is aware of NWS and knows how to react if an infection is found.

Educating U.S. Producers

Chris Womack, a veterinarian and rancher from San Angelo, Texas, says he remembers helping his dad treat calves with NWS infestations.

“I can still remember the smell,” Womack says. “I thought it was cool because I was a little kid, and we dug maggots out of the calves. I can still smell it like it was yesterday, and it was horrible to look at them.”

Womack shares a historic context of NWS, which he says means “man-eater,” on the “Registered Ranching” podcast with Tucker Brown.

Womack also describes the emotional toll on the producer when faced with NWS.

“If you’re a steward of an animal and it has half of its head rotting off, or its abdomen is a gaping wound because the maggots are eating it up, or it gets in their ear and they’re walking around in circles with brain damage because they got meningitis, well, it’s devastating.”

Womack summarizes NWS isn’t just an agricultural issue, it’s a human health concern. Historical accounts and recent data from Panama show NWS can affect humans, particularly vulnerable populations like homeless individuals or those in areas with limited medical access.

Womack says the experiences with NWS during his childhood is the reason he is a veterinarian today. He says there is a generational ignorance in the U.S. regarding NWS, and that is something he is committed to fixing.

“The only way we can overcome ignorance is education,” he stresses.

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Your Veterinarian: A Critical Partner for Success

Thu, 24 Apr 2025 21:24:44 GMT

When it comes to livestock production — whether beef, dairy or swine — a knowledgeable large-animal veterinarian is a critical resource for producers.

The veterinarian’s duties have grown through the years from emergency calls and service to now include consultation and planning to improve cattle and dairy herds as well as swine operations.

Craig Bieber of Bieber Red Angus in Leola, S.D., says working with a vet is essential to his herd’s success.

“I don’t know how people do it without a relationship with their vet,” Bieber says. “A good working relationship is so important. As producers, we can’t be on top of every animal disease or problem there is.”

Bieber says he is lucky to have a comprehensive clinic with five veterinarians near his ranch. He meets with his team of veterinarians three or four times per year to discuss health strategies.

“Our diversified livestock operation uses a team of veterinarians for the health and well-being of our cattle, swine and sheep plus our livestock guardian dogs and family pets,” says Sarah Jones of Red Hill Farms in Lafayette, Tenn.

The Jones family works with its primary veterinarian, Roger Thomas of Thomas & England Veterinary Services in Smiths Grove, Ky.

“Dr. Thomas is essential to our operation,” Jones says. “Without our team of veterinarians, we couldn’t provide the very best care for our livestock. Dr. Thomas is our first call for issues we are not comfortable treating without consultation. Our operation also uses additional veterinarians for pregnancy ultrasound, cattle embryo transfer, sheep artificial insemination, sheep embryo transfer and swine consulting.”

In an unscientific survey, Drovers asked its Facebook followers, “How important is your veterinarian to the success of your operation?”

One follower wrote, “Essential. Having our veterinarian of a little over 40 years, we have created herd health programs for pre-breeding and pre-calving, as well as vaccination programs for calves at birth and weaning. We review these programs every year.”

Another said, “Our vet from Vale Veterinary Clinic is key to the success of our program through integrated research and herd health management our vet is priceless!”

Unfortunately, a few respondents noted they don’t have a close large-animal veterinarian near them or that they must take individual animals to an equine veterinarian for consultation, affirming the need for more large animal vets.

(Farm Journal)

The evolving role of dairy veterinarians

Traditionally seen as the guardians of animal health, focused primarily on treating sick individual animals, today’s dairy veterinarians are expanding their roles.

Scott Bohnert of Bohnert Jerseys in East Moline, Ill., exemplifies the modern dairy farmer’s reliance on veterinary expertise. At his dairy, home to 700 Jersey cows and an equal number of replacements, Bohnert leans heavily on his long-time veterinarian, Ryan Schaefer of Blue Grass, Iowa. Their working partnership of more than 15 years highlights the evolving importance of veterinarians in dairy.

Schaefer collaborates closely with Bohnert, conducting routine herd health and pregnancy checks twice a month — but their relationship goes far beyond basic animal care.

With a deep understanding of the dairy industry’s challenges, Schaefer consults closely with Bohnert on various critical topics. This trusted advice plays a pivotal role in helping Bohnert and his team drive their dairy operation forward.

“Ryan and I work very well together,” Bohnert says, acknowledging how Schaefer’s insights into disease prevention, vaccine management and industry trends keep his farm thriving in a competitive market.

This collaboration reflects a broader trend in agriculture where veterinarians serve as essential consultants instead of just animal doctors. Their role extends to strategic decision-making, helping farms navigate through diverse challenges like disease outbreaks, regulatory changes and economic pressures.

Swine veterinarian’s critical role

The swine producer and veterinarian relationship is critical in managing health issues in the swine herd.

“I can’t overstate how important our farm’s relationship is with our veterinarian,” says Mike Paustian, a swine producer from Wolcott, Iowa. “We treat that relationship as one of the key parts of our team that we’ve assembled to help advise our farm.”

Paustian, who is contact with his veterinarian every week, challenges the misconception that veterinary involvement is costly.

“I don’t see how you’re going to get a bigger bang for your buck than getting a veterinarian who knows your herd, to provide input into issues you’re having,” he says.

Paustian says he also appreciates a veterinarian who approaches work with a sense of curiosity and a desire to understand things better, which aligns with his own approach to constantly seek improvement.

Ben Barcovtch, a pig farmer from Berwick, Pa., says a strong veterinarian relationship is essential to the success of his pork operation.

“They support proactive herd health, help improve productivity, strengthen biosecurity and provide expert guidance during health challenges,” Barcovtch says. “The vet practice I work with is a key partner in maintaining animal well-being and our overall profitability.”

The veterinarian-client-patient relationship (VCPR) is the basis for interaction among veterinarians, their clients and their patients, and it is critical to the health of animals.

“Our VCPR is a partnership that allows more proactive and long-term strategies instead of just responding to needs as they arise,” says Rob Brenneman, owner of Brenneman Pork in Washington, Iowa. “This allows both parties to focus on preventative care, optimized service offerings focused on system health and stability.”

Thank you

April 26 is World Veterinary Day . Observed annually on the last Saturday of April, the day aims to celebrate the contributions of veterinarians to the health of animals, people and the environment. “Animal health takes a team,” is this year’s theme and summarizes the collaboration between veterinarians and beef, dairy and swine producers.

“I believe that sincerely communicating appreciation is one of the most important things farmers and ranchers can do for their veterinarians,” says Jones of Red Hill Farms.

Veterinarians are considered trusted advisers with an integral role in the livestock industry. A recent survey released by Boehringer Ingelheim shows 94% of animal owners appreciate the work of veterinarians, compared to only 49% of veterinary professionals feeling who think the profession is appreciated.

The survey is part of Boehringer Ingelheim’s “Going Beyond” campaign, which seeks to spotlight aspects of veterinary work that too often remain unseen and underrecognized.

In support of World Veterinary Day, the “Going Beyond” campaign also released a video asking animal owners to guess what type of professional meets the description of a range of compelling job responsibilities and characteristics.

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Pork Industry Monitors Emerging PRRSV-2 Lineage 1C.5 Clonally Expanded Clade

Wed, 08 Jan 2025 16:34:21 GMT

First reported in the Swine Health Information Center June 2024 domestic disease monitoring report, an emerging porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) Lineage 1C.5 subclade has continued to expand, with increased detection through the fall and winter months of 2024.

A team of diagnosticians at Iowa State University have led the investigation into the changing diagnostic trends of the detection of an emergent and clinically significant PRRSV-2 Lineage 1C.5 clonally expanded clade. Investigative team members Rabsa Naseer, Jianqiang Zhang, Phillip Gauger, Giovani Trevisan and Michael Zeller have provided an update on the current situation herein.

Since its emergence in 2020, the PRRSV-2 Lineage 1C.5 has become the dominant lineage in circulation, replacing the prior dominant Lineage 1A in the U.S. The ISU Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory has sequenced over 6,000 unique Lineage 1C.5 cases to date, accounting for approximately 72% of the total Lineage 1C cases sequenced at their facility from January 2020 to mid-December 2024. Many of these cases are associated with clinical disease in production systems experiencing PRRS outbreaks. The ISU VDL regularly tracks the diversity of circulating PRRSV strains using both phylogenetic and epidemiological methods, which led to the discovery of an emerging divergent clade within Lineage 1C.5. This clade was notable due to a surge in genetically similar sequences detected over a short period of time and was deemed to be clonally expanding through the swine population. Here, the ISU team has tentatively called it Lineage 1C.5 clonally expanded clade.

From July 2023 to December 2024, 945 cases of PRRSV with ORF5 sequences belonging to this clade have been identified. The ORF5 sequences of this clade exhibit high genetic similarity, with an average nucleotide difference of seven nucleotide bases (98.8% nucleotide similarity), though the entirety of the clade is within 96%. The index case was detected from a grow-finish farm in Iowa on July 20th, 2023, and the majority of subsequent cases have been detected in Iowa swine farms (838), indicating a regional outbreak. This Lineage 1C.5 clonally expanded clade was first detected outside Iowa in March 2024, signaling its potential for national spread. To date, this clade has been detected in the states of Minnesota (36 cases), Illinois (17), Missouri (15), Indiana (1), Nebraska (1), South Dakota (1), and Wisconsin (1), highlighting its transmission within the swine population. This clade has been detected primarily in grow-finish farms (464), with fewer cases from breeding farms (101) and nurseries (62); however, this distribution may reflect sampling biases rather than the true prevalence across farm types.

The detection frequency of cases related to this clade of Lineage 1C.5 steadily increased throughout the fall months (Figure 1). After a modest but noticeable rise in cases during November and December of 2023, a significant surge occurred in early 2024. Case numbers climbed from 13 in February to 110 detections by April, nearly a tenfold increase. Although detections declined during the summer months, the strain persisted and resurged in the fall of 2024. By October, case numbers rose to 154, followed by 145 in November, and 110 as of December 26. Notably, an increasing proportion of these detections were reported outside Iowa, suggesting the strain’s expanding geographic reach.

Figures 1 and 2

(Swine Health Information Center)

As no swine studies have yet been conducted on this clonally expanded clade of Lineage 1C.5, cycle threshold (Ct) values were used to assess potential differences that might suggest changes in the virus’s clinical impact. The Ct value, a diagnostic measure from real-time PCR, indicates whether a sample is positive and semi-quantitatively reflects the amount of virus present. Median Ct values for the entire Lineage 1C.5 are dependent on sample type, with Ct’s of approximately 17.3 being observed in lung specimens and 28.9 in oral fluid specimens. The emergent Lineage 1C.5 clonally expanded clade shows a similar pattern, with Ct values of 16.8 for lung and 27.9 for oral fluid. Average Ct values for lung and oral fluid specimens from Lineage 1C.5 as a whole are generally lower than those of Lineage 1A, indicating higher viral loads. The median Ct values for Lineage 1A are 18.4 for lung specimens and 31.4 for oral fluid specimens. This indicates a higher viral load on average in the samples positive for Lineage 1C.5 compared to Lineage 1A.

Bayesian phylodynamic analysis revealed that the genetic diversity of Lineage 1C.5 peaked in February 2023 but declined steadily throughout 2024, with a sharp drop in November 2023. This pattern of decreasing genetic diversity paired with persistent high levels of detection, suggests genetic selection favoring a strain with a transmission advantage. The effective reproduction number, which reflects the expected number of new cases generated from a single positive case, was estimated with phylogenetic methods. During the first wave in November 2023, each detected case led to about 2.7 new cases (point A, Figure 2). The rate dipped temporarily but climbed to 2.7 by March 2024 (point B) and rebounded to around two by October 2024 (point C) after a summer decline.

Ongoing monitoring of PRRSV genetic diversity, including the emergent Lineage 1C.5 and other strains, is crucial for effective management of PRRSV. The emergence of a new, divergent Lineage 1C.5 clonally expanded clade in Iowa, followed by its spread to other states, highlights an outbreak that warrants close attention, particularly regarding its potential to become dominant nationwide. Genetic analysis revealing a clonal expansion within Lineage 1C.5 suggests heightened transmissibility, while lower median Ct values and a higher effective reproduction number emphasize the clade’s potential increased virulence and spread; but these features based on sequence analysis remain to be confirmed by experimental inoculation studies. These findings underscore the importance of continued surveillance to mitigate the impact of PRRSV outbreaks on swine health, particularly when new strains are emerging in the swine population.

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Senate Draft of the Farm Bill Includes FMD Bank, But Lacks Funding

Thu, 13 Jun 2024 00:12:08 GMT

As expected, the leaders of the Senate Agriculture Committee released their draft of the 2018 farm bill on Friday afternoon. According to Committee Chair Sen. Pat Roberts and ranking member Sen. Debbie Stabenow, the bipartisan draft will provide a new level of certainty and predictably to support farmers and ranchers across the country.

The Livestock Subtitle of the bill creates a National Animal Vaccine and Veterinary Countermeasures bank. The draft directs the Secretary of Agriculture to make the maintenance Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccine stockpile a priority.

However, no funds were earmarked for the new vaccine bank. The House of Representatives draft bill included a one-year funding amount of $150 million,

The full committee will consider the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 on June 13.

It is anticipated that Senate Majority leader Mitch McConnell will place the bill on the Senate calendar prior to the 4^th of July break

A date has yet to be set by House of Representative leaders to reconsider the farm bill that was defeated in May. House Speaker Paul Ryan earlier set a July 22, 2018 deadline for the passage of the House bill.